Objective values and their formation

 Objective values are those values that are derived from the facts of reality and are necessary for the survival and flourishing of a rational being. They are not subjective whims or intrinsic absolutes but are based on the nature of reality and the requirements of human life. Objective values are formed through a process of rational evaluation, where one identifies the facts of reality, integrates them through reason, and determines the actions and goals that promote one's life as a rational being.

The formation of objective values requires adherence to the principles of reason and reality. It involves recognizing that life is the standard of value and that the pursuit of one's rational self-interest is the ultimate moral purpose. Values are formed by identifying what is necessary to sustain and enhance one's life, such as productive work, rational relationships, and intellectual growth. These values must be chosen and pursued through rational thought and independent judgment, not through emotionalism or social pressures.

Objective values are contextual and hierarchical. They depend on the specific circumstances of an individual and must be prioritized based on their importance to one's life and long-term goals. For instance, the value of health may take precedence over leisure, as health is a prerequisite for sustained productivity and happiness.

The process of forming objective values is tied to the concept of volition, as individuals must choose to focus their minds and engage in rational thought. This process is guided by the virtues of rationality, independence, integrity, honesty, justice, productiveness, and pride, which serve as principles for achieving and maintaining objective values [1][4][6].

In summary, objective values are the result of a rational process of identifying and pursuing the requirements of human life, rooted in reality and guided by reason. They are essential for achieving a life proper to a rational being and are formed through the consistent application of rational principles.

Sources

1 Introduction to Objectivist Epistemology by Ayn Rand

2 the Anti-industrial Revolution by Ayn Rand

3 For the New Intellectual by Ayn Rand

4 Introduction to Objectivist Epistemology by Ayn Rand expanded 2nd edition edited by Harry Binswanger and Leonard Peikoff containing never-before published philosophical material by Ayn Rand

5 the Romantic Manifesto by Ayn Rand

6 Philosophy: Who Needs It by Ayn Rand

In addition:

Objective values are the values that are derived from the nature of reality and the requirements of human life. They are not arbitrary or subjective but are based on the recognition that life is the standard of value. To form objective values, one must engage in a rational process of thought, identifying the facts of reality that are relevant to one's survival and flourishing as a rational being.

The process of forming objective values begins with the recognition that life is conditional—it requires specific actions to sustain it. A living organism must act in accordance with its nature to survive. For humans, this means acting in accordance with reason, as reason is our basic means of survival. Unlike animals, which act on instinct, humans must choose their actions based on rational thought. This choice requires the identification of values—goals and actions that promote one's life—and the virtues necessary to achieve them [1][4].

Objective values are formed through the integration of facts into a conceptual framework. This involves identifying the distinguishing characteristics of a value, understanding its role in promoting life, and defining it in objective terms. For example, productive work is an objective value because it is the means by which humans transform nature to meet their needs. It is not merely a subjective preference but a necessity for survival and flourishing. Similarly, rational relationships with others, based on mutual respect and shared values, are essential for emotional and intellectual growth [6].

These values are hierarchical, meaning they must be prioritized based on their importance to one's life. For instance, maintaining one's health is a fundamental value because it is a prerequisite for all other values. Without health, one cannot engage in productive work or enjoy the fruits of one's labor. The hierarchy of values is determined by their relationship to the ultimate standard: one's life as a rational being [1][4].

Objective values are essential for the survival and flourishing of a rational being because they provide a guide to action. They enable individuals to make choices that are consistent with their nature and the requirements of their life. By adhering to objective values, one can achieve a state of happiness, which is the emotional reward for living in accordance with one's nature and principles. Happiness is not a random or mystical state but the result of achieving one's values through rational effort [4][6].

In summary, objective values are formed through a process of rational evaluation, guided by the recognition that life is the standard of value. They are essential for survival and flourishing because they provide the principles and goals necessary to live a life proper to a rational being. By adhering to these values, one can achieve a state of happiness and fulfillment, rooted in reality and reason [1][4][6].

Sources

1 the Anti-industrial Revolution by Ayn Rand

2 Introduction to Objectivist Epistemology by Ayn Rand

3 Philosophy: Who Needs It by Ayn Rand

4 Introduction to Objectivist Epistemology by Ayn Rand expanded 2nd edition edited by Harry Binswanger and Leonard Peikoff containing never-before published philosophical material by Ayn Rand

5 the Virtue of Selfishness by Ayn Rand

6 For the New Intellectual by Ayn Rand